本科毕业设计所设计的系统需要用到一个ftp服务器。我选择的是ProFTPD服务器。

一.ProFTPD 服务器介绍

ProFTPD is a highly configurable FTP daemon for Unix and Unix-like

operating systems.  
二.官方地址

三.安装步骤

  1. 解压下载的文件

  2. 命令终端进入到解压后的文件目录（该目录一般和解压之前的文件名同名）

  3. 输入    ./configure

  4. 输入   make

  5. 输入   sudo make install

    注：更详细的说明，请参考解压后的文件中的INSTALL文件

四.创建 ftp组以及ftp用户

  为了使匿名用户登录进系统之后具有访问目录的权限,需要创建一个锁定的用户“ftp”，并把该“ftp”用户归到"ftp"group中。

   使用的命令有:

   1.sudo groupadd ftp

   2.sudo useradd ftp -g ftp -d /host/LIVES

五.配置文件 proftpd.conf

proftpd.conf 一般位于  /usr/local/etc 目录，下面给出一种配置文件，它是我毕业设计所需的。

 
    
     
         
  1. # This is a basic ProFTPD configuration file (rename it to  
    2.  
         
  2. # 'proftpd.conf' for actual use.  It establishes a single server 
    3.  
         
  3. # and a single anonymous login.  It assumes that you have a user/group 
    4.  
         
  4. # "nobody" and "ftp" for normal operation and anon. 
    5.  
         
  5. ServerName          "ProFTPD Default Installation" 
    6.  
         
  6. ServerType          standalone 
    7.  
         
  7. DefaultServer           on 
    8.  
         
  8. # Port 21 is the standard FTP port. 
    9.  
         
  9. Port                21 
    10.  
         
  10. # Don't use IPv6 support by default. 
    11.  
         
  11. UseIPv6             off 
    12.  
         
  12. # Umask 022 is a good standard umask to prevent new dirs and files 
    13.  
         
  13. # from being group and world writable. 
    14.  
         
  14. Umask               022 
    15.  
         
  15. # To prevent DoS attacks, set the maximum number of child processes 
    16.  
         
  16. # to 30.  If you need to allow more than 30 concurrent connections 
    17.  
         
  17. # at once, simply increase this value.  Note that this ONLY works 
    18.  
         
  18. # in standalone mode, in inetd mode you should use an inetd server 
    19.  
         
  19. # that allows you to limit maximum number of processes per service 
    20.  
         
  20. # (such as xinetd). 
    21.  
         
  21. MaxInstances            30 
    22.  
         
  22. # Set the user and group under which the server will run. 
    23.  
         
  23. User                nobody 
    24.  
         
  24. Group               nogroup 
    25.  
         
  25. # To cause every FTP user to be "jailed" (chrooted) into their home 
    26.  
         
  26. # directory, uncomment this line. 
    27.  
         
  27. DefaultRoot /host/LIVES 
    28.  
         
  28. # Normally, we want files to be overwriteable. 
    29.  
         
  29. AllowOverwrite      on 
    30.  
         
  30. # Bar use of SITE CHMOD by default 
    31.  
         
  31. <Limit SITE_CHMOD>
    32.  
         
  32.   DenyAll 
    33.  
         
  33. </Limit>
    34.  
         
  34. # A basic anonymous configuration, no upload directories.  If you do not 
    35.  
         
  35. # want anonymous users, simply delete this entire <Anonymous> section. 
    36.  
         
  36. <Anonymous /host/LIVES/users>
    37.  
         
  37. <Limit LOGIN>
    38.  
         
  38. AllowAll 
    39.  
         
  39. </Limit>
    40.  
         
  40.   RequireValidShell off 
    41.  
         
  41.   User              ftp 
    42.  
         
  42.   Group             ftp 
    43.  
         
  43.   # We want clients to be able to login with "anonymous" as well as "ftp" 
    44.  
         
  44.   UserAlias         anonymous ftp 
    45.  
         
  45.   # Limit the maximum number of anonymous logins 
    46.  
         
  46.   MaxClients            10000 
    47.  
         
  47.   # We want 'welcome.msg' displayed at login, and '.message' displayed 
    48.  
         
  48.   # in each newly chdired directory. 
    49.  
         
  49.   DisplayLogin          welcome.msg 
    50.  
         
  50.   DisplayChdir          .message 
    51.  
         
  51.   # Limit WRITE everywhere in the anonymous chroot 
    52.  
         
  52. <Limit WRITE>
    53.  
         
  53.     AllowAll 
    54.  
         
  54. </Limit>
    55.  
         
  55. <Limit READ>
    56.  
         
  56.   AllowAll 
    57.  
         
  57. </Limit>
    58.  
         
  58. <Limit STOR>
    59.  
         
  59.   AllowAll 
    60.  
         
  60. </Limit>
    61.  
         
  61. </Anonymous>
    62.  
        
 
    
上面配置的效果是： 将所有匿名用户的操作目录限制在 “/host/LIVES/users"，匿名用户可以读写修改目录和文件。当然还有其他的功能，在此不一一细说1.gif。
 
    
六.方便操作的shell脚本
 
    
脚本名称：proftpd.sh
 
    
 
    
     
         
  1. #!/bin/sh 
    2.  
         
  2.  # ProFTPD files 
    3.  
         
  3.  FTPD_BIN=/usr/local/sbin/proftpd 
    4.  
         
  4.  FTPD_CONF=/usr/local/etc/proftpd.conf 
    5.  
         
  5.  PIDFILE=/usr/local/var/proftpd.pid 
    6.  
         
  6.  # If PIDFILE exists, does it point to a proftpd process? 
    7.  
         
  7.  if [ -f $PIDFILE ]; then
    8.  
         
  8.   pid=`cat $PIDFILE` 
    9.  
         
  9.  fi 
    10.  
         
  10.  if [ ! -x $FTPD_BIN ]; then
    11.  
         
  11.    echo "$0: $FTPD_BIN: cannot execute"
    12.  
         
  12.    exit 1 
    13.  
         
  13.  fi 
    14.  
         
  14. case $1 in
    15.  
         
  15.    start) 
    16.  
         
  16.      if [ -n "$pid" ]; then
    17.  
         
  17.        echo "$0: proftpd [PID $pid] already running"
    18.  
         
  18.        exit 
    19.  
         
  19.      fi 
    20.  
         
  20.      if [ -r $FTPD_CONF ]; then
    21.  
         
  21.        echo "Starting proftpd..."
    22.  
         
  22.        $FTPD_BIN -c $FTPD_CONF 
    23.  
         
  23. else
    24.  
         
  24.        echo "$0: cannot start proftpd -- $FTPD_CONF missing"
    25.  
         
  25.      fi 
    26.  
         
  26.      ;; 
    27.  
         
  27.    stop) 
    28.  
         
  28.      if [ -n "$pid" ]; then
    29.  
         
  29.        echo "Stopping proftpd..."
    30.  
         
  30.        kill -TERM $pid 
    31.  
         
  31. else
    32.  
         
  32.        echo "$0: proftpd not running"
    33.  
         
  33.        exit 1 
    34.  
         
  34.      fi 
    35.  
         
  35.      ;; 
    36.  
         
  36.    restart) 
    37.  
         
  37.      if [ -n "$pid" ]; then
    38.  
         
  38.        echo "Rehashing proftpd configuration"
    39.  
         
  39.        kill -HUP $pid 
    40.  
         
  40. else
    41.  
         
  41.        echo "$0: proftpd not running"
    42.  
         
  42.        exit 1 
    43.  
         
  43.      fi 
    44.  
         
  44.      ;; 
    45.  
         
  45.    *) 
    46.  
         
  46.      echo "usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
    47.  
         
  47.      exit 1 
    48.  
         
  48.      ;; 
    49.  
         
  49.  esac 
    50.  
         
  50.  exit 0 
    51.  
        
 
    
该脚本的使用方法：
 
    
     
         
  1. sudo      ./proftpd.sh start  
    2.  
         
  2. sudo     ./proftpd.sh restart
    3.  
         
  3. sudo      ./proftpd.sh stop
    4.  
        
 
    
它们的含义是显而易见的，值得注意的是"./proftpd restart"并不会关闭已经开启的进程，而是重新读取配置文件，这样后来开启的进程使用的都是刚读入的配置文件。